Risk Factors for Stroke in Erbil City: A Case-Control Stud
Keywords:
First-ever stroke, risk factor, ErbilAbstract
Background and objective: Stroke is a worldwide health problem. This study was carried out to find out the risk factors associated with stroke in Erbil city.
Methods: A hospital based case-control study was carried out in Erbil city from January, 1st 2009 to June, 30th 2009. The sample included (173 cases and 173 controls) cases admitted to Erbil teaching hospitals with first-ever stroke diagnosed by the consultant internist or neurologists and confirmed by brain CT-scan. Sex and age-matched (± 5 years) patients admitted to the same hospital, who do not have stroke, were taken as a control group.
Results: The mean ± SD ages of cases and controls were 62.2 ±13.4 and 61.54 ±13.16 years, respectively with a male: female ratio of 1.1:1. Nearly 70% were ischaemic and 30% were haemorrhagic. A slightly more than half (51.45%) of strokes occurred in the 7th and 8th decades of life. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant association between smoking (P<0.001), exercise (P<0.001), hypertension (P=0.001), family history of stroke (P=0.004), BMI (P=0.012) and PCV% (P<0.001) with stroke. However multiple logistic regressions of risk factors for ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes separately revealed that diabetes was significantly associated with ischaemic stroke (P=0.025) while body mass index was significantly associated with haemorrhagic stroke (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Majority of stroke patients were of older age. The most frequent risk factor among stroke cases were lack of exercise, overweight and obesity and hypertension.
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