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Evaluating sexual education awareness and its preventive role in sexual abuse: A cross-sectional study

Dilman Azad Hassan
Department of Pathology and Anatomy , College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Reign, Iraq.
Hawre an Dlzar Abdulrahm
Medicolegal Institute, Ministry of Health, Erbil, Kurdistan Reign, Iraq.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Dilman Azad Hassan, Hawre an Dlzar Abdulrahm (Author)

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Abstract

Background and objective: Educating youth on matters of sexuality and relationships is essential for fostering healthy attitudes and behaviors. This study aimed to assess the knowledge levels and sources of information regarding sexual health among individuals who experienced sexual violence in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The study population included both detainees and individuals seeking medicolegal services, providing a broader understanding of the information gaps and educational needs within this vulnerable group.

Methods: Using a quantitative survey design, 200 participants were selected through convenience non-probability sampling. The sample included detainees and individuals seeking medicolegal services across correctional and forensic facilities in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. All participants had histories of sexual abuse. Structured interviews were conducted to gather data on their knowledge of sexual health and sources of information.

Results: A meager 26% had received any formal sex education. Significant barriers persisted, as 60% noted disparities in how such topics were discussed between genders. Despite limited knowledge, 92% wanted to help other victims. Moreover, 62% understood how abuse can damage relationships, 55% turned to social media for answers with few trusted others to ask, and a paltry 11% reported their own victimization to authorities. Statistical analysis revealed strong connections between information levels and age, gender, and education attainment (P <0.05).

Conclusion: This research uncovers substantial gaps in sex education for detainees who survived sexual assault. Demographic factors strongly influenced what information sources one utilized and perspectives about such matters. Future studies should profile trends across wider populations and design targeted educational initiatives for parents of children aged 10 and up to remedy these critical information shortfalls.

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How to Cite
Azad Hassan, D. ., & Dlzar Abdulrahm, H. an. (2025). Evaluating sexual education awareness and its preventive role in sexual abuse: A cross-sectional study. Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences (Zanco J Med Sci), 29(3), 720–732. https://doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2025.076

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