Neurophthalmological Manifestations in Multiple Sclerosis
Keywords:
Multiple Sclerosis, neurophthalmological manifestationsAbstract
Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the nervous systems that is commonly manifested by visual system involvement and that my initially present with ophthalmologic symptoms .Manifestations of MS in the eye include both the afferent and efferent visual pathways. Optic neuritis, the most common neurophthalmological manifestation of MS, may be the initial clinical disease manifestation. Our aim is to assess the proportion of neurophthalmological manifestations in MS patients, with frequency of ocular dysfunction as presenting symptoms.
Patients and Methods: (120) patients with clinically definitive MS criteria, whom attended to center of MS during the period from November2006 and July2007 were included in this study. The study depends on clinical examination (V.A, V.F, color test, papillary reflex, fundoscopy) and patient report.
Results: 120 MS patient had a mean age 29.6 year, 60% were female, 40% were male. Arabic were 55% and Kurdish were 45% of patient. The common type of MS was RRMS in 79.17%,followed by PPMS 14.16% and SPMS in 6.67% of patient. Optic neuritis was found in 16.7% as initial presentation & Diplopia occurs in 1.6% only. RRMS was the commonest type associated with optic neuritis 83.95%. Optic neuritis represented the commonest symptoms of neurophthalmological manifestations, which recorded in 67.5% followed by INO in 7.5%, while 6.67% didn't have any neurophthalmological manifestations. Unilateral ON was observed in 92.59%, abnormal VA 85.19%, central and cecocentral scotoma 70.37%, ocular or periorbital pain was found in 86.42% and optic disk swelling was recorded in 25.93% of MS patients.
Conclusions: More than 93% of Iraqi MS patients had at least more than one type of neurophthalmological manifestations. Neurophthalmological finding was common as presenting symptoms or during the course of MS and optic neuritis represented the commonest manifestation of MS with high relationship with relapsing remitting MS.
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