Nosocomial infection in a respiratory care unit in Baghdad, Iraq

Authors

  • Ban A. Jrjis Dept. of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Baghdad University
  • Jawad K. Al-Diwan Dept. of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Baghdad University
  • Tariq S. Al-Hadithi Dept. of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Baghdad University
  • Abdul R. Al-Abbasi Dept. of Medicine, College of Medicine, Baghdad University

Keywords:

Nosocomial infection, respiratory care unit, infection control

Abstract

Background and Objectives: A growing body of literature has shown that health careassociated infections are a major cause of patient’s illness and death in developing countries. In Iraq, the real concern in nosocomial infections started late. This work was carried out to assess hospital acquired infections in the respiratory care unit (RCU) in the Surgical Specialties Teaching Hospital, Baghdad.

Methods: Data were collected by reviewing the case records of patients admitted to RCU for two periods from Nov. 2003 to Oct. 2004, and Nov. 2004 to Oct. 2005, before and after the establishment of infection control committee.

Results: A total of 43 (44.8%) patients got nosocomial infection (NIs) out of the total admissions to RCU (96). No significant association between the implementation of guidelines and rate of NIs. A non significant increase in death rate in the 2nd period of the study, and no significant variation in type of isolated bacteria was noticed, also. Age of the patients, site of surgery, and type of surgery, acute respiratory failure and endotracheal intubation were significantly associated with rate of NIs (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Initial success of the infection control committee guidelines combined with ongoing efforts to more consistently implement simple and inexpensive measure for prevention, will lead to wider acceptance of infection control practices.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System report, data summary from January 1992 to June 2004, issued October 2004. Am J Infect Control 2004; 32: 470-85.

Molina D, Coucha M, Leal S, Calles M, Esteves D,Navajas F. Influence of Nosocomial infection on mortality in an intensive care unit. Goc Sanit 1998; 12(1): 23-8.

Rosenthal VD, Maki DG, Salomao R,Moreno C A,Mehta Y,Higuera F et al. Device- associated Nosocomial infections in 55 intensive care units of 8 developing countries. Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 582-92.

Laupland KB, Zygun DA, Doig CT, Bagshaw SM, Svenson LW, Fick GH. One year mortality of blood stream infection- associated sepsis and septic shock among patients presenting to the regional critical care system. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31: 213-9.

Blot S, De Bacquer D, Hoste E ,Depuydt P,Vandewoude K, Waele D et al. Influence of matching for exposure time on estimates of attributable mortality caused by nosocomial bacteremia in critically ill patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005; 26: 352-6.

Tambyah PA, Knasinski V, Maki DG. The direct cost of Nosocomial infection in the era of managed care. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002; 23: 27-31.

Fagon JY, Novora A, Stephan F, Giron E, Safar M. Mortality attributable to Nosocomial infection in the ICU. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994; 15: 428-34.

Safdar N, Crnich CT, Maki DG. Nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit associated with invasive medical devices. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2001; 3: 487-95.

Garfield R. Morbidity and mortality among Iraqi child care from 1990 to 1998: assessing the impact of the Gulf War and economic sanctions. c 1998 [ cited 2009 June 29].Available from: http://www.casi.org.uk/info/garfield/dr.garfield.html

UNICEF- Iraq. The situation of children in Iraq. An assessment based on the United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child. Geneva: UNICEF; 2002.

Al- Alwan A. Health in Iraq. A draft prepared as discussion paper for the first National Conference on Health. Baghdad: Ministry of Health; 2004.

Khuri- Bilos N, Shennak M, Agabi S , Saleh S,Al Rawashdeh S, Al Ghanem S et al. Nosocomial infections in the intensive care units at a university hospital in a developing countries. Am J Infect Control 1999; 27: 547-52.

Velasco E, Thuler LC, Marfinus CA. Nosocomial infection in an oncology intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 1997; 25: 458-62.

Richards MJ, Edwards JR, Culver DH. Nosocomial infection in medical intensive care units in the United States. Crit Care Med 1999; 27: 887-92.

Higuera F, Rosenthal VD, Duarte P, Javier R, Guillermo F, Nasia S. The effect of process of control on the incidence central venous catheter- associated blood stream infections and mortality in intensive care unit in Mexico. Crit Care Med 2005; 33: 2022-7.

Rosenthal VD, Guzman S, Safdar N. Reduction in nosocomial infection with improved hand hygiene in intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital in Argentina. Am J Infect Control 2005; 33: 392-7.

Chandra PN, Milind K. Lapses in measures recommended for preventing hospital acquired infection. J Hosp Infect 2001; 47: 218-22.

Rosenthal VD, Guzman S, Migone O, Safdar N. The attributable cost and length of stay because of nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit in 3 hospitals in Argentina: a prospective match analysis. Am J Infect Control 2005; 33: 157-1.

Abdul Lateef MS. Surgical site infections in gynaecological and obstetrical ward in Baghdad Teaching Hospital for the period Nov. 2003 to Oct. 2005.FIBMS dissertation ,Scientific Council of Family and Community Medicine; 2006.

Al- Fiath MS. Surgical site infections in the general surgical wards in Baghdad Teaching Hospital for the period Nov. 2003 to Oct. 2005. FIBMS dissertation, Scientific Council of Family and community Medicine; 2006.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System report, data summary from October. 1986- April 1996, issued May 1996. Am J Infect Control 1996; 24: 380- 8.

Hubmayr RD,Burchardi H,Elliot M,Fessler H,Georgopouls D,Jubran A et al. Statement of the 4th international consensus conference in critical care on ICU- acquired pneumonia- Chicago,Illinosis ,May 2002.Intensive Care Med 2002;28:1521-36.

Pittet D, Boyce JM. Hand hygiene and patient care: pursuing the Semmelweis Legacy. Lancet Infect dis 2001; 1: 9-20.

Raja a YA, Salam AR,Salih YA,Salman MS,Al-Baseer S,Al-Kirshi NA,Al-Jalal NS. Rates and risk factors of surgical site infections with antibiotic prophylaxis. Saudi Med J 2002;32:672-4.

Wallace WC, Cinat M, Gornick WB. Nosocomial infection in the surgical intensive care unit: a difference between trauma and surgical care unit. Am Surg 1999; 65: 987-90.

Vincent JL, Bihari DJ, Suter PM, Bruining HA,White J, Nicolas-Chanion et al. The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit in Europe: results of the European prevalence of infection in intensive care (EPK) study, EPIC international advisory committee. JAMA 1995; 274: 639-44.

Giron E, Loyean S, Oppein F. Prevention of nosocomial infection in acute respiratory failure patients. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 725- 65.

Kollef MH. Prevention of ventricular associated pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 627-33.

Downloads

Published

2018-10-30

How to Cite

Jrjis, B. A., Al-Diwan, J. K., Al-Hadithi, T. S., & Al-Abbasi, A. R. (2018). Nosocomial infection in a respiratory care unit in Baghdad, Iraq. Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences (Zanco J Med Sci), 14(3 Special), 53–57. Retrieved from https://zjms.hmu.edu.krd/index.php/zjms/article/view/508

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 3 Special (2010)

Section

Original Articles

License

The copyright on any article published in Zanco J Med Sci is retained by the author(s) in agreement with the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).