Adrenal carcinoma: case report

Abstract

Adrenocortical carcinomas are highly malignant rare tumors that can occur in adults, adolescents or children, Whil they can affect both sexes the incidence is higher among girls. Hormone-secreting tumors and the associated classic endocrine syndromes (virilizing, feminizing, Cushing’s and Conn’s syndromes) represent the most common presentation in this age group. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in its etiology. Diagnosis is done by imaging studies including Computerized tomography scan an/ord magnetic resonance imaging of abdomen in addition to ultra-sound examination, histological confirmation is done by excisional biopsy or in exceptional conditions by fine needle aspiration. Regarding functional state of the tumor hormonal study is needed. Treatment includes; complete radical surgical resection which might be curative in case of small tumors, in patients with incomplete resection or metastatic spread treatment options include mitotane and/or chemotherapy. radiation therapy is recommended in the treatment of bone, brain and other metastases, radiation therapy is also recommended in the treatment of symptomatic local recurrences. Regarding prognosis It has been reported that patients with untreated adrenocortical carcinoma have a median survival of 3 months only. In treated adrenocortical carcinoma, overall 5-year survival ranged between 23% and 60% in different series. We present a 17 years old girl, she presented with generalized acne, virilizing features, primary amenorrhea and hemoptysis, Investigations revealed adrenocortical carcinoma. In the light of this case, the literature about adrenocortical carcinoma was reviewed. Conclusion: Adrenal carcinoma can occur in our locality and the diagnostic keys are hormonal and imaging studies.