Influence of feeding pattern on risk factors of lower respiratory tract infections in infants

Kawes O. Zangana; Dhahir Tahir Gardi

doi:10.15218/zjms.2013.0052

Authors

Kawes O. Zangana Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Dhahir Tahir Gardi Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2013.0052

Keywords:

lower respiratory tract infection, breast-feeding, bottle feeding and children

Abstract

Background and objective: Human milk is recommended as the exclusive nutrient source for feeding infants for the first six months of life and should be continued with the addition of solid foods after six months of age. This study is designed to study the socio-demographical risk factors on lower respiratory tract infections and influence of feeding on these factors.

Methods: A well matched case control study performed on 200 children admitted with acute lower respiratory tract infections to Raparin Pediatric Teaching Hospital – Erbil city in the period of 1^st September 2010 to 1^st May 2012. Children between 2 months and 2 years of age presenting with an acute history of cough and rapid respiration or difficulty in breathing were included in the study, according to WHO criteria for ALRI. The study sample was divided into two groups: group 1 (cases) and group 2 (control) . After that the cases were subdivided to two groups; bottle fed or mixed fed group and a excusive breast fed group.

Results: This study showed that 69% of bottle-fed infants developed lower respiratory tract infections compared with 31% infants of breast-fed. This was significant statistically (p value 0.013). Mean age was 9.8 ±2.6 months; male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Concerning vaccination status; cases were had lower level of vaccination, history of respiratory infection in the family was highly recognized as a risk factor.

Conclusion: infants who are more prone to develop respiratory infections are those of bottle fed, low level of vaccination, less than one year of age, family history of respiratory infections, low socio economical status and overcrowd families.

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