Three-dimensional ultrasound in evaluation of fetal brain anomalies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2016.0049Keywords:
Three-dimensional sonography, Fetal brain, Brain malformationAbstract
Background and objective: Prenatal diagnosis of central nervous system anomalies by two-dimensional sonography is challenging because of difficulties in obtaining complete visualization of the fetal brain during routine examinations. Three-dimensional sonography has been introduced as a tool for studying the fetal central nervous system because of its ability to facilitate examinations of the fetal brain. This study aimed to visualize an intracranial structure of the fetal central nervous system anomaly using transabdominal three-dimensional sonography.
Methods: A prospective cross–sectional (observational) study in which three-dimensional ultrasound examination was performed in 82 patients between 12 and 38 weeks of gestation suspected to have fetal brain malformation detected by conventional two-dimensional ultrasound. Each anomaly was reviewed again to determine whether three-dimensional ultrasound data were advantageous compared to two-dimensional ultrasound.
Results: Three-dimensional images provided additional information in 43 (52.4%) of cases including extracerebral anomalies. The three-dimensional ultrasound was advantageous in evaluating the encephaloceles (10 of 43 cases) in that the exact location of the extracranial mass and the amount of extracranial tissue in the encephalocele was better defined with the simultaneous display of three orthogonal planes images that could not be obtained with two-dimensional ultrasound were seen with three-dimensional ultrasound.
Conclusion: Three-dimensional ultrasound is an excellent adjunctive tool to two-dimensional ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal anomalies
Metrics
References
International Society of Ultrasound in, O. and C. Gynecology Education "Sonographic examination of the fetal central nervous system: guidelines for performing the 'basic examination' and the 'fetal neurosonogram'." Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 29(1) : 109-16.
Rizzo G, Abuhamad AZ, Benacerraf BR, Chaoui R, Corral E, Addario VD, et. al. Collaborative study on 3-dimensional sonography for the prenatal diagnosis of central nervous system defects J Ultrasound Med 2011; 30(7):1003-8.
Vasiljevic B, Gojnic M, Maglajlic-Djukic S. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Brain Anomalie; 2012.
Monteagudo A, Timor-Tritsch IE. First trimester anatomy scan: 6-pushing the limits. What can we see now? Curr Opin ObstetGynecol 2003; 15: 131– 41.
Monteagudo A, Timor-Tritsch IE. "Normal sonographic development of the central nervous system from the second trimester onwards using 2D, 3D and transvaginal sonography." Prenat Diagn 2009; 29(4): 326- 39.
Timor-Tritsch IE, Monteagudo A. Transvaginal fetal neu-11-rosonography: standardization of the planes and sections by anatomic landmarks. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1996; 8:42-7.
Blaas HG, Eik-Nes SH. Sonoembryology and early prenatal diagnosis of neural anomalies. Prenat Diagn 2009 ; 29:312-25.
Lees W. Ultrasound imaging in three and four dimensions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2001; 1: 85–105.
Merz E. Current 3D/4D ultrasound technology in prenatal diagnosis. European Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2005; 1(3):184- 93.
Pilu G, Ghi T, Carletti A, Segata M, Perolo A, Rizzo N. "Three-dimensional ultrasound examination of the fetal central nervous system." Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007 ; 30(2): 233-45.
D'Addario V, Pinto V, Di Cagno L, Pintucci A. Three –dimensional Ultrasound of the fetal brain. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007;1(3):17-25.
Ewigman BC, Crane JP, Frigolettov FD. Effect of prenatal sonography screening on prenatal outcome. N Engl J Med 1993;12:821.
Xu HX ,Zhang QP, Lu MD, Xiaot XT .comparison of two-dimensional and three dimensional sonography in evaluation fetal malformation. J Clin Ultrasound 2002;30:515-25.
Dyson RL, Pretorius DH, Budorick NE, Johnson DD, Sklansky MS, Cantrell CJ, et al. Three dimensional ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000;16:321
Merz E, Bahlmann F, Weber G, Macchiella D. Three –dimensional ultrsonography in prenatal diagnosis .J perinat Med 1995;23:213-22.
Yigiter AB, Kavak Z. N. Evaluation of fetal anomalies by two- and three-dimensional ultrasound. Gynaecol Perinatol 2007;16(2):62–7
Kalache KD, Eder K, Esser T, Proquitté H, Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Hartung JP, et al. Three-Dimensional Ultrasonographic Reslicing of the Fetal Brain to Assist Prenatal Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Anomalies. JUM 2006; 25:509-14.
Nayab A, Irshad A, Amir H, Nazia P. Congenital anomalies: prevalence of congenital abnormalitiesin 2nd trimester of pregnancy in madina teaching hospital ,Faisalabad on gray scale ultrasound . JUMDC 2010; 1: 23-8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Salwa Ahmed Amin AL-Najjar (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright on any article published in Zanco J Med Sci is retained by the author(s) in agreement with the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
